Article 15 of the MAR Regulation prohibits all market manipulation, which includes transactions creating misleading signals about supply or demand, artificial price fixing, and the use of fictitious or deceptive devices. These prohibitions aim to prevent price distortion and maintain the integrity of financial markets.

Article 14 of the MAR Regulation prohibits insider dealing, which includes the use of inside information to carry out transactions, recommending that a third party trade on this basis, or the unlawful disclosure of such information. This prohibition aims to ensure market integrity and investor confidence by preventing the abusive exploitation of non-public information.

The main purpose of the MAR Regulation is to ensure the integrity of financial markets and investor confidence by establishing a harmonised and strengthened framework against abusive behaviour. This includes the prohibition of insider dealing and market manipulation, as well as the imposition of positive obligations to strengthen transparency and surveillance.

Article 19 of the MAR Regulation imposes a closed period of 30 days before the publication of financial results during which managers may not carry out transactions. This measure aims to prevent market abuse by limiting the exploitation of inside information during sensitive periods.

This statement is false. The MAR Regulation covers a broad spectrum of financial instruments, including regulated markets such as Euronext Paris, multilateral trading facilities such as Euronext Growth, organised trading facilities, as well as greenhouse gas emission allowances. Its scope is therefore much broader than regulated markets alone.

The MAR Regulation covers various financial instruments, including regulated markets such as Euronext Paris, multilateral trading facilities such as Euronext Growth, and organised trading facilities. Organisational obligations include establishing a surveillance system, implementing information barriers, and organising clear governance. These categories help to understand the scope of the regulation and its requirements for institutions.

Financial market infrastructure comprises several players with distinct roles: Euronext Paris operates the stock exchange, the AMF regulates the markets, and Euroclear France acts as the central securities depository. This question tests the ability to classify these players by their role.

This statement is false. Delegated Regulation 2016/957 specifies that the surveillance framework must ensure an 'appropriate level of human analysis', thereby excluding complete automation. This means that systems must include human supervision to correctly detect and analyse suspicious transactions.

Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 on market abuse, or MAR, entered into force on 3 July 2016. This date marks the beginning of its direct application in all EU Member States, replacing Directive 2003/6/EC and establishing a harmonised framework for combating market abuse.